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HELLO-BOOK
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The patient who has undergone total laryngectomy can still relearn to speak. In medical centers that provide comprehensive services to laryngeal cancer patients, the speech-language clinicians is involved from the very beginning of treatment. The patient who has undergone a laryngectomy usually is referred to a speech-language pathologist for retraining in voice and speech production without the aid of the vocal folds. Before surgery, the clinician counsels the patient and family members about the effects of the surgical procedure on voice and speech production. Therefore, the surgeon creates an opening, called a stoma, in the lower part of the neck and connects it with the trachea. When the laryngeal valve and the surrounding structures are removed, the trachea becomes disconnected with the neck and mouth. Social reinforcement is a potential cause of functional aphonia. The diseased larynx may be partially or totally removed. The clinician may reassure everyone concerned about the potential for alternative forms of voice and speech production after surgery. Like most forms of cancer, laryngeal cancer may be treated by surgery, chemotherapy, and irradiation. The change in the vocal quality, if heeded promptly, gives an excellent chance for an early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The exhaled air passes through the vibrator, which generates the sound that is transferred to the mouth. A combination of smoking and heavy drinking increases the chances of laryngeal cancer. An electronic larynx, called electrolarynx, is more convenient than a pneumatic larynx. The larynx is a common site of cancer. It is true that many speech-language disorders are not noticed at the time of or soon after birth, because the newborn does not say much through communicates in his or her own way. Stuttering take into account both neurological and environmental factors. This operation, known as laryngectomy, leaves the patient without the normal mechanism of sound generation. An artificial larynx is a mechanical device that generates sound. The sound is then modified into speech in the usual manner. The sound generated by the vibrator is transferred to the mouth. For the rest of his or her life, patient must breathe through this opening. These medical treatments create a need for the services of speech-language pathologist. Malignant tumors can grow on one or both vocal folds. Laryngeal cancer is found more frequently in men than in women. An early warning sign is hoarseness of voice. One such device is a pneumatic larynx, which is a curved tube with a vibrator in it. Laryngeal cancer accounts for 3% to 5% of human cancer. The person then articulates the speech sounds in the usual manner. The patient may find it difficult to swallow and report pain in the throat. Smoking is a dominant factor related to cancer of the larynx.
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