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Reading Expert 4(2020)
Reading Expert 4(2020)
Reading Expert 4(2020)
UNIT 1 - READING 2 Robben Island
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UNIT 1 - READING 2 Robben Island
Seven kilometers from the coast of Cape Town, South Africa, is a UNESCO world heritage site called Robben Island. When the Dutch came to settle in South Africa in 1652, the largest animals living on the island were seals. In fact, the name "Robben" is derived from the Dutch word meaning "seal." What makes this island valuable, however, is its history during the colonial period. As more colonists moved into Africa, conflicts with the people already living there sprang up everywhere. Therefore, the Dutch needed a place to imprison whoever fought against them, and they chose Robben Island. Soldiers, civilians, and leaders of various tribes were imprisoned on the island. Even kings and princes who defied Dutch rule in faraway colonies were brought there to be prisoners. During the 1800s, Robben Island became a prison for people with serious illnesses as well. People who were mentally ill or had leprosy were sent to the island to keep them far from others. At first, some of them were allowed to leave if they wanted, but later they were forced to stay. This practice remained in place until 1931. Under the government-approved system of racial discrimination known as apartheid, Robben Island was used as a maximum security prison for political leaders who wanted racial equality. The most famous of these was Nelson Mandela, who was imprisoned there for 18 years, from 1964 to 1982. Nelson Mandela's imprisonment drew international attention to South Africa, which increased the pressure to end apartheid. Robben Island's time as a prison ended in 1991 due to South Africans' efforts to undo apartheid policies. Because of Mandela and others who faced hardship for the cause of equality, Robben Island became a symbol of overcoming oppression. In 1997, the many historical sites on Robben Island were turned into a museum. Since then, the Robben Island Museum has run school programs and tours to educate people about the island's history. By remembering the injustice of the past, people can be motivated to create a better future.
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1 Seven kilometers from the coast of Cape Town, South Africa, is a UNESCO world heritage site called Robben Island. 2 When the Dutch came to settle in South Africa in 1652, the largest animals living on the island were seals. 3 In fact, the name "Robben" is derived from the Dutch word meaning "seal." 4 What makes this island valuable, however, is its history during the colonial period. 5 As more colonists moved into Africa, conflicts with the people already living there sprang up everywhere. 6 Therefore, the Dutch needed a place to imprison whoever fought against them, and they chose Robben Island. 7 Soldiers, civilians, and leaders of various tribes were imprisoned on the island. 8 Even kings and princes who defied Dutch rule in faraway colonies were brought there to be prisoners. 9 During the 1800s, Robben Island became a prison for people with serious illnesses as well. 10 People who were mentally ill or had leprosy were sent to the island to keep them far from others. 11 At first, some of them were allowed to leave if they wanted, but later they were forced to stay. 12 This practice remained in place until 1931. 13 Under the government-approved system of racial discrimination known as apartheid, Robben Island was used as a maximum security prison for political leaders who wanted racial equality. 14 The most famous of these was Nelson Mandela, who was imprisoned there for 18 years, from 1964 to 1982. 15 Nelson Mandela's imprisonment drew international attention to South Africa, which increased the pressure to end apartheid. 16 Robben Island's time as a prison ended in 1991 due to South Africans' efforts to undo apartheid policies. 17 Because of Mandela and others who faced hardship for the cause of equality, Robben Island became a symbol of overcoming oppression. 18 In 1997, the many historical sites on Robben Island were turned into a museum. 19 Since then, the Robben Island Museum has run school programs and tours to educate people about the island's history. 20 By remembering the injustice of the past, people can be motivated to create a better future.