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[2024년 5월] 모의고사 (고3)
[2024년 5월] 모의고사 (고3)
[2024년 5월] 모의고사 (고3)
41~42.
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지문 전체 문장
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41~42.
There are a number of human characteristics that would seem to be disadvantageous yet continue to survive, generation after generation. One example is color blindness. Most color blindness is associated with genes on the X chromosome. Women have two X chromosomes, so if this problem occurs on one of them, the other can compensate. But men have only one X chromosome. If the mutation occurs there, that male is color blind. We might ask why such a deficiency would survive and not die out. To understand this, we can consider ancient hunter-gatherers, with the men doing most of the hunting for meat and the women doing most of the gathering of fruits and nuts. Gathering fruits, especially berries, and nuts is much more productive if it is easy to distinguish the red or purple fruit from the green leaves of the plant. If red-green color blindness were common among women, the resulting lack of productivity would likely cause this trait to die out relatively quickly. On the other hand, the men out hunting don't much rely on being able to contrast red from green. Most of the animals they are hunting have fur or feathers that help them hide. Rather than relying on color, the hunter relies on an acute ability to detect motion. It is conceivable that a reduction in color contrast in these circumstances might actually enhance one's ability to detect subtle motions. Given that a hunted animal blends into its surroundings, less background color variation would be less of a visual distraction.
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1 There are a number of human characteristics that would seem to be disadvantageous yet continue to survive, generation after generation. 2 One example is color blindness. 3 Most color blindness is associated with genes on the X chromosome. 4 Women have two X chromosomes, so if this problem occurs on one of them, the other can compensate. 5 But men have only one X chromosome. 6 If the mutation occurs there, that male is color blind. 7 We might ask why such a deficiency would survive and not die out. 8 To understand this, we can consider ancient hunter-gatherers, with the men doing most of the hunting for meat and the women doing most of the gathering of fruits and nuts. 9 Gathering fruits, especially berries, and nuts is much more productive if it is easy to distinguish the red or purple fruit from the green leaves of the plant. 10 If red-green color blindness were common among women, the resulting lack of productivity would likely cause this trait to die out relatively quickly. 11 On the other hand, the men out hunting don't much rely on being able to contrast red from green. 12 Most of the animals they are hunting have fur or feathers that help them hide. 13 Rather than relying on color, the hunter relies on an acute ability to detect motion. 14 It is conceivable that a reduction in color contrast in these circumstances might actually enhance one's ability to detect subtle motions. 15 Given that a hunted animal blends into its surroundings, less background color variation would be less of a visual distraction.