41~42.
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EBS 수능완성 영어(2025 수능대비) 실전편 2권
EBS 수능완성 영어(2025 수능대비) 실전편 2권
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41~42.
A proper understanding of the relationship between the historical and the scientific is important for progress in the social and biological sciences. There is (or ought to be) an intimate interplay between the study of the unique events of given historical sequences and the generalizations about process constructed by studying many cases in a comparative and comprehensive framework. The study of unique cases furnishes the data from which generalizations are derived, while the generalizations allow us to understand better the processes that operated on particular historical trajectories. We cannot neglect the close, critical study of particular cases without putting the database for generalization in jeopardy. Besides, we often have legitimate reasons to be curious about exactly how particular historical sequences, such as the evolution of Homo sapiens, occurred. On the other hand, it is from the study of many cases that we form a body of theory about evolutionary processes. No one historical trajectory contains enough information to obtain a very good grasp of the processes that affected its own evolution. Data are missing because the record is imperfect. The lineage may be extinct, and so direct observation is impossible. Even if the lineage is in existence, experimentation may be impossible for practical or ethical reasons. Potential causal variables may be correlated in particular cases, so understanding their behavior may be impossible. The comparative method can often clarify such cases. "Scientists" need "historians" and "historians" need "scientists" as well.
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