PART 5 ─ 01 일반 장문 - 1~2번
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The상승 수능유형편(2024) Part 5~6
The상승 수능유형편(2024) Part 5~6
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PART 5 ─ 01 일반 장문 - 1~2번
Psychologists conducted an experiment to find out the relationship between rewards and children's behavior. They selected a group of children from the ages of three to five who were interested in drawing. They then divided the children into three groups. The children in group A were promised that they would be awarded a certificate as a prize if they spent their free time drawing. In group B, the children were not told about the certificates but received one anyway if they chose to draw. Finally, the children in group C were neither given nor told about the certificates. The children were then observed during their free time, and those in groups A and B who chose to spend their time drawing were given certificates. Two weeks after finishing the experiment, the psychologists returned. What they found was that the children in group A had lost much of their interest in the activity of drawing, while the children in the other two groups continued to draw enthusiastically. This phenomenon is now known as the "overjustification effect." It occurs when the offer of a material reward actually reduces a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a task. The psychologists' experiment showed that attempting to encourage children with certificates or prizes can have an adverse effect when it comes to activities the children naturally enjoy. The problem is that doing so causes the children's motivation to shift from internal satisfaction to external factors. Once these external factors are removed, the children's internal motivation fails to return, and they eventually lose interest in the activity.
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